Getting started

Biomethane is a sustainable alternative to natural gas, produced from renewable sources such as biomass (e.g. manure or organic waste). It is virtually CO2-neutral and can be used in existing gas infrastructure. For companies, biomethane offers a way to reduce CO2 emissions, achieve sustainability goals, and contribute to the energy transition.

Biogas is produced through anaerobic digestion of organic materials such as manure, vegetable, fruit and garden waste, sewage sludge, agricultural residues or food waste. These organic residual streams are broken down by microorganisms in an oxygen-free environment, resulting in biogas.

Biogas is a mixture of methane and CO2 that is produced through the digestion of organic material. Biomethane is purified biogas from which the CO2 has been removed, making it the same quality as natural gas and suitable for injection into the gas grid.

Grey gas is natural gas extracted from fossil sources and emits CO2 when burned. Biomethane is sustainably produced gas, usually from the digestion of biomass, and is virtually CO2-neutral because the emitted CO2 was previously absorbed by plants. Both can be used for the same applications, but biomethane has a much lower environmental impact.

Biomethane and biogas play an essential role in the energy transition as renewable energy sources that can (partially) replace fossil fuels. They help companies convert organic waste into energy, giving residual flows value instead of letting them go to waste. These gases contribute to circularity within companies and help reduce greenhouse gas emissions. For industrial sectors that are difficult to electrify, these gases offer a practical route toward sustainability, while making use of existing infrastructure.

A biogas installation is a system in which organic material, such as manure or vegetable, fruit and garden waste, is digested under anaerobic conditions to produce biogas. This process is driven by microorganisms that break down the organic material, resulting in a gas mixture primarily consisting of methane and carbon dioxide. After digestion, the biogas can be upgraded to biomethane.

A biomethane installation is an extension of a standard biogas installation that upgrades the produced biogas to natural gas quality. This upgraded gas, known as biomethane, can be injected into the existing gas grid and used as a substitute for fossil natural gas. The upgrading typically involves CO2 removal and quality control.

A biomethane certificate, also known as a Guarantee of Origin (Dutch: Garantie van Oorsprong (GvO)), is an official proof that the gas was produced sustainably. The certificate guarantees that a certain quantity of gas comes from renewable sources. Companies can use these certificates to demonstrate their sustainability and they can be traded either separately or together with the physical gas.

Yes, biogas is sustainable because it is produced from renewable organic materials such as manure, crop residues and organic waste. It reduces methane emissions from waste, replaces fossil fuels and supports circular economy cycles. For companies, this offers an opportunity to strengthen their sustainability profile, comply with stricter environmental regulations and qualify for subsidies such as the Dutch government’s SDE++. Moreover, producing biogas from their own waste streams can help companies reduce their ecological footprint and lower energy costs.

Biomethane energy is energy generated from burning biomethane, a renewable version of natural gas. Unlike fossil energy sources, biomethane is virtually CO2-neutral, because the CO2 released during combustion was previously absorbed by plants. Compared to wind and solar energy, biomethane has the advantage of being continuously available and storable in the existing gas infrastructure, which helps to manage seasonal fluctuations. For companies, biomethane energy enables sustainable processing requiring high temperatures without major modifications to installations.

The benefits of biomethane and biogas for companies include:

·        - Financial (income from production and sales)

·        - Sustainability (CO2-neutrality)

·        - Independence (own energy production)

·        - Subsidies (such as SDE++)

·        -  Future-proofing (in line with the energy transition)

·        - Sales opportunities (different markets)

·        - Higher prices for gas with high Carbon Intensity scores

·        - CO2 compensation (helps achieve climate goals)

In addition, companies can valorize waste streams and improve their Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) reporting.

Yes, biomethane has the same quality as natural gas and can be used in existing gas installations without modifications. This makes it an accessible option for companies to become more sustainable without major investments in new equipment.

Yes, biomethane is highly suitable for industrial processes such as heating, steam production and drying. It replaces fossil gas without technical modifications to installations and helps companies achieve their CO2 reduction targets. For many industrial processes that require high temperatures, biomethane is a practical sustainable solution.

Yes, biomethane is very suitable for large companies. It can be delivered in large volumes and is fully compatible with existing gas infrastructure. For large consumers, biomethane offers an effective way to reduce their ecological footprint and achieve sustainability goals without major adjustments to business processes.

Companies producing biomethane can benefit from income from gas sales and associated Guarantees of Origin (Dutch: Garantie van Oorsprong (GvO)). These certificates can be sold separately or together with the gas to parties aiming to become greener. Additionally, by-products like digestate can be used as fertilizer or for other purposes, generating extra income. Subsidy opportunities such as the Dutch government’s SDE++ are also available.

For companies certified under the CO2 Performance Ladder, or those aiming for certification, using biomethane can contribute to a better score. The CO2 Performance Ladder is a tool that helps companies reduce CO2 emissions. Biomethane supports emission reduction and sustainable energy use, positively contributing to the certification.

Companies can measure CO2 savings by comparing the lifecycle emissions of biomethane (around 20–30 g CO2 per cubic meter) with natural gas (around 1800 g CO2 per cubic meter when burned). Energy advisors or specialized software tools can help accurately calculate these savings and report them in sustainability reports or CO2 Performance Ladder certification.

A biomethane hub is a central point where biogas from various, often smaller, producers is collected, upgraded to biomethane and jointly injected into the gas grid. For companies, this offers economies of scale: smaller producers can collaborate efficiently without each building a separate upgrading installation. A hub makes advanced purification technology economically feasible and lowers operational costs through shared maintenance and management. Companies around a hub benefit from knowledge sharing, joint procurement and stronger negotiating power when selling biomethane.

Biomethane implementation involves planning, designing and executing projects to integrate or produce biomethane in business processes. For end-users, this means adjusting contracts with energy suppliers, possibly reviewing installations and obtaining certificates to demonstrate sustainability goals. For producers, implementation includes building digestion and upgrading installations, arranging a connection to the gas grid, and securing a reliable biomass supply. A solid implementation plan with cost calculation, timeline and risk assessment is essential for successful projects.

A company can produce biomethane by digesting biomass residual streams, such as manure or sewage sludge, into biogas, which is then purified to natural gas quality. The steps are:

·       - Assess feasibility with a grid operator

·        - Apply for subsidies (e.g. SDE++)

·        - Request a quote for connection

·        - Establish the connection

Preparation also requires permits and collaboration with biomass suppliers.

Companies can invest in biomethane production by installing digesters at central locations, where biomass such as manure is converted into biogas and then into biomethane. These investments require good preparation and coordination with grid operators for injection into the gas network. A feasibility study, subsidy application, and permitting process are essential steps in this process.

The biogas process, also called anaerobic digestion, consists of four main phases. Each phase plays a key role in converting organic material into biogas:

·       - Hydrolysis: Complex organic compounds such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are broken down into simpler substances like sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids.

·       - Acidogenesis: The breakdown products from hydrolysis are converted into organic acids, alcohols, hydrogen gas, and CO2.

·      -  Acetogenesis: Organic acids and alcohols are further converted into acetic acid, hydrogen, and CO2.

·       - Methanogenesis: Methanogenic microorganisms (archaea) convert acetic acid and hydrogen/CO2 into methane (CH4), the main component of biogas.

For companies, proper process control is essential. Important parameters to monitor continuously include temperature, pH value, retention time of the substrate, and feed rate.

Biomethane must meet strict quality standards regarding calorific value, Wobbe index, methane content, pressure, odor and safety. These standards ensure that it can be used safely and efficiently in the regular gas grid. The specifications must match the requirements for natural gas, as established in the Dutch Ministerial Regulation on Gas Quality (Dutch: Ministeriële Regeling Gaskwaliteit).

A gas analysis is a technical laboratory test in which the composition of gas is examined. For example, the methane content and the presence of sulfur compounds or CO2 are measured to ensure that the gas meets quality standards. For biogas producers, this is essential for optimizing the digestion process, maximizing yield and ensuring that the produced gas meets the requirements for grid injection.

A gas measurement in biomethane production involves accurately determining the volumes (quantity) and quality of the produced gas. This includes measurements of pressure, temperature, flow rate and gas composition analyses. Accurate gas measurements are essential for billing, process optimization and ensuring that the gas complies with injection requirements for the gas grid. Companies use advanced measurement systems that enable continuous registration and generate reports for grid operators and customers.

Gas control is crucial for companies producing biogas because it ensures consistent quality, optimal yields and safe operation. Effective gas control includes real-time monitoring of gas composition, pressure, temperature and flow. This helps detect process disruptions early, prevent production losses and ensure compliance with regulations. Additionally, reliable gas control is essential for obtaining and maintaining permits and certifications.

A residual gas analysis involves examining the composition of the gas that remains after the main digestion process. This analysis helps identify unwanted components or inefficiencies in the process, allowing companies to optimize their systems and improve overall gas yield. It is an important tool for quality control and process optimization.

A gas audit is a comprehensive evaluation of the gas production processes within a biogas installation. It includes assessing efficiency, safety, regulatory compliance and the quality of the produced gas. Regular audits help companies identify areas for improvement and ensure optimal performance. A gas audit can lead to cost savings and increased production.

Industrial gas analysis is the systematic examination of the chemical composition and physical properties of gases in industrial processes. For companies that produce or use biogas or biomethane, this is important to ensure the energy value, purity and safety of the gas. Industrial gas analysis includes advanced techniques such as gas chromatography, mass spectrometry and infrared analysis. These analyses are crucial for process optimization, quality control and compliance with industrial standards and environmental regulations in the production and use of renewable gases.

Industrial gas safety at biogas and biomethane installations includes all measures to prevent risks such as gas leaks, fires, explosions and poisoning. This involves implementing gas detection systems, pressure relief systems, ventilation systems, emergency procedures and regular safety inspections. Companies must comply with strict safety regulations, such as ATEX directives and Dutch NEN standards. Regular training for staff, risk assessments and preventive maintenance are essential. Installations that inject into the gas grid are subject to additional safety requirements from grid operators to ensure the integrity of the gas infrastructure.

Companies producing biomethane must meet sustainability criteria and can obtain certifications such as ISCC and Better Biomass. These certificates guarantee that the gas was produced sustainably and meets quality standards. These certifications are important for trading biomethane and obtaining subsidies or other financial benefits.

The Dutch government aims for a production of 2 billion cubic meters of biomethane by 2030, as part of its targets to reduce CO2 emissions by 49% by 2030 and 100% by 2050 compared to 1990 levels. Biomethane plays a crucial role in the energy transition, especially for sectors that are difficult to electrify. The demand for biomethane is expected to continue rising as the transition from fossil fuels to sustainable alternatives progresses.

From 2027 onward, energy suppliers will be required to blend a certain percentage of biomethane with natural gas. The exact percentage is still being determined, but this measure stimulates the production and use of biomethane and contributes to CO2 reduction. For companies, this means increased demand for biomethane and potentially higher prices for Guarantees of Origin (Dutch: Garantie van Oorsprong (GvO)).

Companies can prepare by reviewing their energy contracts and discussing the availability and price of biomethane with their energy suppliers. It is also advisable to invest in sustainability certifications and explore how biomethane can be integrated into their business processes. Additionally, companies may consider producing their own biomethane or investing in production projects.

In the Netherlands, biogas is mainly produced through the digestion of biomass such as manure and organic waste. Although production is increasing, the share of biogas in the total energy supply is still limited. Initiatives like the Biomethane Platform (Dutch: Platform Groen Gas) aim for annual production of 2 billion cubic meters of biomethane by 2030. The sector is growing, partly thanks to government support via the Dutch government’s SDE++ subsidy and the upcoming blending obligation.

Programma Groen Gas (Biomethane Program) is a Dutch national initiative that stimulates the scale-up of biomethane production and use in the Netherlands. The program aims for 2 billion cubic meters of biomethane by 2030 and includes policy development, subsidies, innovation support and removal of barriers for biomethane projects. For the business market, this program offers opportunities for investment in production facilities, security of sustainable energy supply and support with permitting procedures. Companies can benefit from the knowledge, networks, and financing opportunities developed within the program.

The Routekaart Groen Gas (Biomethane Roadmap) is a strategic document outlining the path to scale up biomethane in the Netherlands. The roadmap defines concrete milestones, such as the production of 2 billion cubic meters of biomethane by 2030, and identifies necessary actions in areas like technological innovation, financing, legislation and market organization. For companies, the roadmap sets goals such as cost reduction in production, efficiency improvement, diversification of feedstocks and integration with other sustainable energy systems. The roadmap offers companies a long-term perspective on the role of biomethane in the energy system, increasing investment certainty.